Overview
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To address the challenges outlined earlier, we introduce an integrated framework for Biomedical Decentralized Science (BioDeSci) that combines:
Secure data exchange
Private model collaboration
Verifiable computation
This end-to-end system is structured around three coordinated levels: Data, Model, and Evaluation, as illustrated below.
Data Level A decentralized biomedical data marketplace allows hospitals, pharmaceutical firms, and academic labs to share encrypted datasets. Tokenized metadata and privacy-preserving smart contracts govern access. The system supports secure upload, fine-grained access control, and verifiable provenance—without ever disclosing raw patient information.
Model Level Rexis applies Equivariant Encryption (EE) to enable decentralized fine-tuning of large biomedical models (e.g., transformers). Each institution performs encrypted training locally. Gradients are securely aggregated into a global model, without exposing raw data, intermediate representations, or model internals.
Evaluation Level EE also enables encrypted inference. Outputs are verified via on-chain commitments, such as hash references and lightweight cryptographic proofs. External auditors can confirm model integrity and output correctness—without decrypting private data.
Together, these components form a scalable, verifiable, and privacy-preserving framework for biomedical AI. The system:
Preserves confidentiality
Guarantees computational integrity
Facilitates reproducibility across institutions
These properties are essential for regulatory compliance and scientific credibility in real-world biomedical deployments.